Imaging Spectrum of Pediatric Neck Masses: A Pictorial Review with Emphasis on Radiological Differentiation
Tushar Sirohi
ABSTRACT
Background: Pediatric neck masses are a common clinical presentation and often pose a diagnostic challenge due to their diverse etiologies. Imaging plays a crucial role in narrowing differential diagnoses and guiding management.
Objective: To illustrate and characterize the imaging features of pediatric neck masses using ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to highlight key differentiating features based on institutional cases and literature review.
Methods: This pictorial review includes a spectrum of pediatric neck masses categorized into congenital/developmental, neoplastic, and infectious etiologies. Imaging findings from ultrasound, CT, and MRI are described, with emphasis on distinguishing characteristics.
Results: Congenital lesions such as thyroglossal duct cysts, cystic hygromas, dermoid cysts, and thymic cysts demonstrate characteristic imaging patterns. Neoplastic lesions, including neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and lymphoproliferative disorders, show variable but distinctive radiologic features. Infective causes such as lymphadenitis and deep neck abscesses exhibit typical inflammatory imaging findings.
Conclusion: A structured imaging approach based on lesion characteristics and anatomical location allows accurate diagnosis and differentiation of pediatric neck masses, reducing diagnostic uncertainty and guiding appropriate management.
